TABLE 6. RINGER'S RECIPES: FISH

Subdivisions: 6A: Elasmobranchs, 6B: Teleosts

GENERAL NOTES:
(1) All solutions containing organic components (e.g., glucose, urea) should be refrigerated to discourage bacterial growth.
(2) If NaHCO3 is an ingredient together with CaCl2, it should be added last (just before use, if possible) to avoid precipitation of calcium carbonate.
(3) For uniformity and viewing ease, concentrations are given in mM to two decimal places. However, it is unlikely that there are more than three significant figures in most cases.

  TABLE 6A.  RINGER'S SOLUTIONS -

ELASMOBRANCHS

Values shown = millimolar (mM) concentration = ml 1M stock solution per liter
To determine grams per liter, see Calculations (App. 1) and Formula Weights (App. 2).

     SOL# --->
Ingred.		 El 1
(Babkin..)		 El 2
(C'naugh)		 El 3
(Hartman..)		 El 3-a
(Kriebel..)		 El 4
(Mines)		 El 5
(Forster..)
NaCl 280.20 249.90 254.00 280.00 220.00 280.00
KCl 11.94 4.00 8.00 12.00 7.00 6.00
CaCl2 10.00 5.00 6.00 10.00 4.00 5.00
MgCl2 - 2.00 2.50 2.00 5.00 3.00
dextrose
(d-glucose)		 5.55 - 3.00 1.00 - 5.00
urea 360.00 330.06 320.00 360.00 333.00 350.00
*NaHCO3 4.52 - "buffer with" - - 8.00
NaH2PO4 0.51 - - - - 1.00
Na2HPO4 - "to pH 7.4" - - - -
Na2SO4 - - - - - 0.50
HEPES - - - 10.00 - -
H2O to 1L to 1L to 1L to 1L to 1L to 1L
Final pH - 7.4 - 7.3 - -

* Add NaHCO3 last.

Return to Elasmobranch Key

  TABLE 6B.  RINGER'S SOLUTIONS -

TELEOSTS

Select:
TABLE 6B-M: Marine Teleosts

TABLE 6B-F: Fresh Water Teleosts

Values shown = millimolar (mM) concentration = ml 1M stock solution per liter
To determine grams per liter, see Calculations (App. 1) and Formula Weights (App. 2).

 
TABLE 6B-M: MARINE TELEOSTS

   SOL# --->
Ingred.		 MTe1
(Young)		 MTe2
(Burton)		 MTe2-a
(Forster..)		 MTe3
(Keynes..)		 MTe4
(Gainer..)		 MTe5
(Diamond)
NaCl 204.40 175.00 134.00 169.00 200.00 144.00
KCl 8.00 2.70 2.50 5.00 5.00 -
CaCl2 2.25 1.53 1.50 3.00 5.00 1.80
MgCl2 3.65 0.64 1.00 1.50 5.00 1.00
Na2HPO4 - - 0.50 1.20 - -
NaH2PO4 - - - 0.30 - -
H3BO3 - - - - 5.80 -
*NaHCO3 2.25 **5.00 15.00 - - -
glucose - 5.60 - - - 5.00
H2O to 1L to 1L to 1L to 1L to 1L to 1L
Final pH - 7.7 - - 7.4 7.3 with
K-phosphate,
2.50

* Add NaHCO3 last.
** To pH ~7.7 with 5% CO2-95%O2

Return to Teleost Key

 
TABLE 6B-F: FRESH WATER TELEOSTS

Values shown = millimolar (mM) concentration = ml 1M stock solution per liter
To determine grams per liter, see Calculations (App. 1) and Formula Weights (App. 2).

   SOL# --->
Ingred.		 FTe1
(Fluck..)		 FTe2
(Tak'shi)		 FTe2-a
(Ogawa..)		 FTe3
(Westerfield)
NaCl 111.00 120.00 128.10 116.00
KCl 5.37 2.50 2.50 2.90
CaCl2 1.00 0.80 1.80 1.80
MgCl2 - 1.00 - -
MgSO4 0.60 - - -
*NaHCO3 - - 0.20 -
HEPES 5.00 3.00 - 5.00
glucose - 10.00 - -
H2O to 1L to 1L to 1L to 1L
Final pH 7.3 7.8 - 7.2

Return to Teleost Key